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Dutch and Flemish Painters:
How the Dutch Say Their Names

Painters
Painting Terms
Prominent Historical Dutchmen
Notes

Willem van Aelst click to hear 2 3 (1627-1683) Van Aelst click to hear Pieter Aertsen click to hear 2 (~1508-1575)
Lourens Alma Tadema click to hear 2 3 (1836-1912)
Pieter van Anraedt click to hear 2 (~1635-1678)
Karel Appel click to hear 2 (1921-2006)
Jan Asselijn click to hear 2 (1610-1652)
Balthasar van der Ast click to hear 2 (~1593-1657)
Hendrick Avercamp click to hear 2 (1585-1634)
Dirck van Baburen click to hear 2 3 (~1595-1624)
Adriaen Backer click to hear 2 (~1635-1684)
Jacob Adriaensz Backer click to hear (1608-1651)
Ludolf Bakhuizen click to hear 2 (1630-1708)
Johannes Symonsz van der Beek click to hear / Johannes Symoonis van der Beek click to hear 2
= Johannes Torrentius click to hear 2 (~1588-1644) Abraham van Beijeren click to hear 2 3 (~1620-1690)
Simon Bening click to hear 2 (1483-1561)
Ambrosius Benson click to hear 2 (1495-1550)
Nicolaes Berchem click to hear 2 (1622-1683)
Gerrit Berckheyde click to hear 2 (1638-1698)
Job Berckheyde click to hear 2 (1630-1693)
Gillis Gillisz de Bergh click to hear 2 (~1600-1669)
Jan de Bisschop click to hear 2 (1628-1671)
Abraham Bloemaert click to hear 2 (1564-1651)
Adriaen Bloemaert click to hear 2 3 (~1609-1666)
Ferdinand Bol click to hear 2 3 (1616-1680)
Paulus Bor click to hear 2 (~1601-1669)
Gerard ter Borch click to hear 2 3 (~1582-1662 // 1617-1681) Hieronymus Bosch click to hear 2 (c. 1450-1516) also known as:  Jeroen Bosch click to hear 2 Ambrosius Bosschaert click to hear 2 3 (1543- ~1615 // 1573-1621 // 1609-1645) Jan Both click to hear 2 (~1620-1652)
Dieric Bouts click to hear 2 3 (c. 1414-1475) also called:  Dirk click to hear or Diederik click to hear Leonard Bramer click to hear 2 (1596-1674) also:  Leendert click to hear 2 Jan de Bray click to hear (~1627-1697)
Bartholomeus Breenbergh click to hear 2 (1598-1657)
Quiringh van Brekelenkam click to hear 2 (~1623- ~1669)
Pieter Bruegel click to hear 2 (~1525-1569) See also note below Adriaen Brouwer click to hear 2 (1604-~1637)
Hendrick ter Brugghen click to hear 2 3 (~1585- ~1630)
Hendrick van der Burgh click to hear 2 3 (1627-after 1664)
Willem Buytewech click to hear 2 3 (~1591-1624)
Jacob van Campen click to hear 2 3 (1596-1657)
Robert Campin click to hear (~1375-1444) last name is French?  click to hear 2 ? Jan van de Cappelle click to hear 2 (1626-1679) also written as:  Van de Capelle
also called:  Johannes click to hear 2 or  Joannes click to hear Peter Christus click to hear 2 (~1415 - ~1475) also called:  Petrus click to hear Pieter Claesz click to hear 2 (~1596-1661)
Joos van Cleve click to hear (~1485 - ~1540) also called:  Joost click to hear Pieter Codde click to hear 2 (1599-1678)
Adriaen Coorte click to hear 2 3 (~1660-~1707)
Aelbert Cuyp click to hear 2 3 (1620-1691) also:  Albert click to hear


Gerard David click to hear 2 (~1460-1523)
Abraham van Dijck click to hear (born ca 1640)
Kees van Dongen click to hear 2 3 (1877-1968)
Gerrit Dou click to hear 2 3 (1613-1675)
Joost Cornelisz Droochsloot click to hear 2 3 (~1585-1666) also written as:  Drooghsloot Willem Drost click to hear 2 (1633-1659)
Jacob Duck click to hear 2 3 (1598-1667)
Karel Dujardin click to hear 2 (1622-1672) (French last name) Antoon van Dyck click to hear 2 (1599-1641) (Anthony van Dyck) Gerbrandt van den Eeckhout click to hear 2 (1621-1674)
Pieter Janssens Elinga click to hear 2 (1623-1682)
M.C. Escher click to hear 2 3 4 (1898-1972) (German last name)
(Maurits Cornelis click to hear 2) Allaert van Everdingen click to hear 2 (1617-1675) also:  Allard van Everdingen click to hear 2 Cesar van Everdingen click to hear 2 3 (~1616-1678)
Hubert van Eyck click to hear 2 (~1385-1426)
Jan van Eyck click to hear 2 (~1390 - ~1440)
Carel Fabritius click to hear 2 3 (1622-1654) 't Puttertje click to hear 2 3 'The Goldfinch' Frans Floris click to hear 2 (1517-1570) also known as:  Frans de Vriendt click to hear Aert de Gelder click to hear 2 3 (1645-1727) also:  Arent click to hear 2 Jacques de Gheyn click to hear 2 3 (1532-1582)
Hugo van der Goes click to hear 2 (~1440 - ~1482)
Vincent van Gogh click to hear 2 3 4 5 (1853-1890) Vincent click to hear Van Gogh click to hear 2 Jan Gossaert click to hear 2 (1478-1532) also known as:  Gossart click to hear 2 and Mabuse click to hear Govaert Flinck click to hear 2 3 (1615-1660) also known as:  Govert Flinck click to hear 2 Hendrik Goltzius click to hear 2 (1558-1617) (German last name) Jan van Goyen click to hear 2 (1596-1656)
Cornelis van Haarlem click to hear (1562-1638)
Frans Hals click to hear 2 3 (~1582-1666) Malle Babbe click to hear 2 3 Margareta Haverman click to hear (born 1693)
Willem Claesz Heda click to hear 2 3 (1594- ~1680)
Cornelis de Heem click to hear 2 (1631-1695)
Jan Davidsz de Heem click to hear 2 3 (1606- ~1684)
Maerten van Heemskerck click to hear 2 (1498-1574)
Bartholomeus van der Helst click to hear 2 (1613-1670)
Jan van der Heyden click to hear 2 3 (1637-1712)
Meindert Hobbema click to hear 2 (1638-1709)
Joris Hoefnagel click to hear 2 3 4 (1542-1601)
Gerard van Honthorst click to hear 2 (1592-1656)
Pieter de Hooch click to hear 2 3 (1692- ~1684)
Samuel van Hoogstraten click to hear 2 3 (1627-1678)
Gerard Houckgeest click to hear 2 3 (~1600-1661) Usually, OU is pronounced: click to hear Lucas Hugensz. click to hear 2 (1494-1533) also known as:  Lucas van Leyden click to hear Jan van Huijsum click to hear 2 (1682-1749)
Lambert Jacobsz click to hear 2 (1598-1636)
Jacob Jordaens click to hear 2 3 (1593-1678)
Willem Kalf click to hear 2 (1619-1693)
Hendrick de Keyser click to hear 2 3 (1563-1621)
Thomas de Keyser click to hear 2 3 (~1596-1667)
Jacob Knyff click to hear 2 3 (1640-1681) also written as:  Knijff Leendert Knijff click to hear 2 3 also as:  Leonard click to hear Wouter Knijff click to hear
Joanna Koerten click to hear 2 (1650-1715)
Philip Koninck click to hear 2 3 (1619-1688)
Willem de Kooning click to hear 2 3 (1904-1997)
Pieter Lastman click to hear 2 3 (1583-1633)
Peter Lely click to hear 2 (1618-1680) born as:  Pieter van der Faes click to hear 2 Lucas van Leyden click to hear (1494-1533) also known as:  Lucas Hugensz. click to hear 2 Judith Leyster click to hear 2 3 (1609-1660) Judith Jansdochter Leyster click to hear 2 3
dochter click to hear daughter Jan Lievens click to hear 2 3 (1607-1674)
Gerrit Lundens click to hear 2 3 (1622-1686)
Jan Luyken click to hear (1649-1712)



Nicolaes Maes click to hear 2 (1634-1693)
Cornelis de Man click to hear 2 3 (1621-1706)
Karel van Mander click to hear 2 3 (1548-1606)
Jan Massys click to hear 2 (~1510-1575) also known as:  Jan Matsys click to hear
and:  Jan Matsijs click to hear Quentin Matsys click to hear (1466-1530) also known as:  Quinten Matsijs click to hear 2
or:  Massijs click to hear 2 Han van Meegeren click to hear 2 3 (1889-1947) infamous Vermeer forger Hans Memling click to hear 2 (c. 1439-1494) more like German:  Hans Memling click to hear 2 Hendrik Willem Mesdag click to hear 2 (1831-1915)
Sientje Mesdag-van Houten click to hear 2 (1834-1909)
Gabriël Metsu click to hear (1629-1667)
Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt click to hear 2 (1566-1641)
Frans van Mieris click to hear 2 3 (1635-1681 // 1689-1763) Jan Miense Molenaer click to hear 2 (1610-1688)
Piet Mondriaan click to hear 2 (1872-1944)
Carel de Moor click to hear 2 (1655-1738)
Anthonis Mor van Dashorst click to hear 2 3 (1519-1575) also:  Anthonis Mor click to hear 2 Aert van der Neer click to hear 2 (1603-1677)
Caspar Netscher click to hear 2 (1639-1684) (German last name) Jacob Ochtervelt click to hear 2 (1634-1682)
Bernaert van Orley click to hear (~1490-1541)
Adriaen van Ostade click to hear 2 (1610-1685)
Isaac van Ostade click to hear (1621-1649)
Antonie Palamedesz click to hear 2 3 (1601-1673)
Palamedes Palamedesz click to hear 2 (1607-1638 // 1632-1705) Joachim Patinir click to hear 2 (~1480-1524)
Crispijn van de Passe click to hear 2 3 (1564-1637 // 1594-1670) Adam Pijnacker click to hear (~1620-1673)
Egbert van der Poel click to hear (1621-1664)
Cornelis van Poelenburch click to hear 2 3 (~1594-1667)
Jan Porcellis click to hear 2 (~1583-1632)
Frans Post click to hear 2 3 4 (1612-1680)
Paulus Potter (1625-1654) click to hear 2 De Stier click to hear 2 'The Bull' Frans Pourbus click to hear 2 (1545-1581 // 1569-1622)
(French last name  click to hear ? click to hear 2 ?) Jacob Pynas click to hear 2 3 (1592-after 1650)
Jan Pynas click to hear 2 3 (~1583-1631)
Artus Quellinus click to hear 2 (1609-1668 // 1625-1700) Rembrandt click to hear 2 (1606-1669) Rembrandt van Rijn click to hear 2
Van Rijn click to hear 2
De Nachtwacht click to hear 2 'the Night Watch' Roelant Roghman click to hear 2 3 (1627-1692)
Peter Paul Rubens click to hear 2 (1577-1640)
Jacob van Ruisdael click to hear 2 3 (~1628-1682)
Rachel Ruysch click to hear 2 3 (1664-1750)
Salomon van Ruysdael click to hear 2 (~1600-1670)
Pieter Jansz Saenredam click to hear 2 3 (1597-1665)
Godfried Cornelisz Schalcken click to hear (1643-1706)
Jan van Scorel click to hear (1495-1562) ('from the Dutch village of'  Schoorl click to hear ) Hercules Seghers click to hear 2 (~1589- ~1640)also written as:  Segers Geertgen tot Sint Jans click to hear 2 (~1465 - ~1495)
Michiel Sittow click to hear (~1468-1525) also known as: Michaël click to hear 2
Sittow was originally from Estonia - I pronounced the name as Russian.
probable Estonian pronunciation:  click to hear 2 3 Hendrik Sorgh click to hear 2 3 (1610-1670)
Jan Steen click to hear 2 3 (1626-1679)
Een huishouden van Jan Steen click to hear 2 3 4 (saying) A messy household - like in some Jan Steen paintings Jacob Isaacsz. van Swanenburgh click to hear 2 (1571-1638) Michiel Sweerts click to hear 2 (1618-1664)
Abraham van den Tempel click to hear (~1622-1678)
Johannes Torrentius click to hear 2 (~1588/1644) = Johannes Symonsz van der Beek click to hear
/ Johannes Symoonis van der Beek click to hear 2


Jacob van der Ulft click to hear 2 (1621-1689) Van der Ulft click to hear Werner van den Valckert click to hear 2 3 (1621-1689)
Adriaen van de Velde click to hear 2 (1639-1672)
Willem van de Velde click to hear 2 3 (1611-1893 // 1633-1707) Jacob van Velsen click to hear (1597-1656)
Johannes Verkolje click to hear 2 3 (1650-1693)
Johannes Vermeer click to hear 2 3 (1632-1675) Johannes click to hear 2 Vermeer click to hear 2
De Schilderkunst click to hear 'The Art of Painting'
Het Straatje click to hear 'The Little Street'
't Meisje met de Parel click to hear
  'Girl with The Pearl [Earring]'
Gezicht op Delft click to hear 'View [on] of Delft' Vincent Laurensz van der Vinne click to hear 2 3 (1628-1707) Hendrick van Vliet click to hear 2 3 (1611-1675)
Daniël Vosmaer click to hear 2 (1622- ~1667)
Jacobus Vrel click to hear 2 3 (active ca. 1654-1662)
Hendrik Cornelisz Vroom click to hear 2 3 (1566-1640)
Jan Baptist Weenix click to hear 2 (~1640-1719)
Rogier van der Weyden click to hear 2 3 4 (~1399-1464)
Emmanuel de Witte click to hear (1617-1692)
Adriaen van Witvelt click to hear 2 (~1581-1638)
Philips Wouwerman click to hear 2 (1619-1668) also known as:  Wouwermans click to hear Joachim Wtewael click to hear 2 3 (1566-1638) Wte in Dutch names is pronounced as (Dutch) ute click to hear
also called:  Uytewael click to hear 2 3 4

Painting Terms

the:  de click to hear 2 / het click to hear 2 3 - 't click to hear ->>
Plurals always take  'de'
a:  (een) - 'n click to hear / one:  één click to hear 2 3

schilder click to hear 2 painter
(house and art)
kunstschilder click to hear painter (artist)
(het) schilderij click to hear 2 painting
(de) verf click to hear paint
(de) kleur click to hear 2 color
(de) kwast click to hear 2 paintbrush
(de) penseel click to hear 2 fine painbrush
(het) potlood click to hear pencil
(het) palet click to hear 2 3 palette
(het) doek click to hear 2 canvas
(de) ezel click to hear 2 easel
(de/het) vernis click to hear 2 3 varnish
(de) lijst click to hear picture frame
(het) aquarel click to hear 2 3 aquarelle, watercolor painting
(de) tronie click to hear 2
In modern Dutch it means 'unpleasant face' or 'the face of an unpleasant person' (or it's getting old-fashioned) - but in the 17th Century it was the word for a special kind of portrait, not of a 'real, existing' person but of a 'type'

Prominent Historical Dutchmen

Willem van Oranje click to hear the Dutch George Washington
nicknamed  Willem de Zwijger click to hear
'William The Silent' William's sons:
Maurits click to hear
Frederik Hendrik click to hear nicknamed  'de Stedendwinger' click to hear 2
'subjugator of cities' Johan van Oldenbarnevelt click to hear 2
Johan de Witt click to hear 2
Hugo de Groot click to hear 2 3 also called:  Grotius click to hear 2 3 Anthonie van Leeuwenhoek click to hear 2 3 4
Constantijn Huygens click to hear 2 3
Christiaan Huygens click to hear
Simon Stevin click to hear
Jan Adriaansz Leeghwater click to hear 2
Joost van den Vondel click to hear 2 3
Jacob Cats click to hear also called:  Vadertje Cats click to hear 2 3
'dear little father Cats' Jan van Gorp click to hear 2 also known as:  Goropius click to hear 2 ‑>> - Dutch First and Last Names

Notes

After a first or middle name or an initial the 'little words' like van click to hear 2 ('of') and de click to hear 2 ('the') (and its old-fashioned forms den click to hear / click to hear and der click to hear 2) in Dutch names are written starting with a lowercase letter; when a last name is used 'independently,' without a first name or initial, then the first of the 'little words' starts with a capital uppercase letter.
Ik zag Jan van der Meer
Ik zag Van der Meer
Baron Joan Derk van der Capellen tot den Pol click to hear 2 a 1780s reformer

AE in names is old spelling of AA ('long A') pronounced click to hear - see also

SZ at the end of names is short for '-s zoon'  (son of)
zoon click to hear 'son'
Names ending in S just add Z
This Z is not pronounced

Pronouncing 'Bruegel'
A Chicago University Website tells me there are three 'internationally accepted' pronunciations for 'Bruegel': BrOYgel, BrEEgel and BrOOgel. That's not how the name is said by Dutch people, who may wonder for a moment who you're talking about.
For foreigners, it's hard to pronounce Pieter Bruegel click to hear 2 in the Dutch way, because in many languages there are no sounds like either Dutch EU click to hear or Dutch G click to hear.
Actually, the name is often written as 'Breugel' in Dutch, because the UE spelling points to the incorrect German pronunciation: Brügel click to hear 2 - note too that German G is different from Dutch G.
Compare pronunciation with Dutch beugel click to hear 2 ('brace') - vleugel click to hear ('wing; grand piano')
Cautionary Note
It is of course interesting to know the correct ('Dutch') pronunciation of Dutch names, but in communicating with members of other language communities ('Barbarians') it may be more efficient to use the common modified ('corrupted') way of saying.
In a shop -- outside of Holland and Belgium -- will saying "Gouda" like a Dutchman: click to hear get you the cheese you want, or had you better say it like English-speakers: click to hear ?
Likewise, trying to say "Van Gogh" like the Dutch: click to hear (Vincent van Gogh click to hear 2) instead of the usual way: click to hear 2 people might think you just came down with an acute case of strep throat.

Some painters' names were suggested by Jonathan Janson of Essential Vermeer, some names I came across in William Kloss's 'Dutch Masters' Great Courses course, and Henryk Fantazos gave me a list of Medieval Flemish painters' names.
I found the painters' years in the Dutch wikipedia, and I mostly followed their spelling of the names
Thank you Daniel Baskin for looking up the Estonian pronunciation of 'Wittow.'

Dutch Phrases - smartphone version
Dutch Vocabulary - Dutch Grammar
- smartphone versions
About Holland and The Dutch

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Gij zult niet stelen click to hear 'Thou shalt not steal'